What is the difference between footnotes and appendix

In this case, authors either incorporate the necessary information in the main body or provide it in an appendix. When using long quotes words or more , as well as figures or tables used in other works, you should also include a footnote to acknowledge the fact that you have permission to use these materials. Tables are always a good option if you need to show a lot of data in a format that is easy to comprehend.

If there are just a few numbers, we suggest that you provide them in the textual format. Every table in your document should have its number. Number your tables chronologically and explain where your readers can find them. Make sure that your tables make sense for every reader. Provide explanations for any abbreviations and specify the units of measurement. Put your tables at the end of the paper, right after the list of references and before appendices.

Depending on the writing style used in your class, endnotes may take the place of a list of resources cited in your paper or they may represent non-bibliographic items, such as comments or observations, followed by a separate list of references to the sources you cited and arranged alphabetically by the author's last name.

If you are unsure about how to use endnotes, consult with your professor. In general, the use of footnotes in most academic writing is now considered a bit outdated and has been replaced by endnotes, which are much easier to place in your paper, even with the advent of word processing programs.

However, some disciplines, such as law and history, still predominantly utilize footnotes. Consult with your professor about which form to use and always remember that, whichever style of citation you choose, apply it consistently throughout your paper.

NOTE: Always think critically about the information you place in a footnote or endnote. Ask yourself, is this supplementary or tangential information that would otherwise disrupt the narrative flow of the text or is this essential information that I should integrate into the main text? If you are not sure, it's better to work it into the text. Too many notes implies a disorganized paper. Cermak, Bonni and Jennifer Troxell. History Division; Hale, Ali. Should You Use Footnotes or Endnotes?

Alternatively, a footnotes page could be created to follow the reference page. Place the corresponding superscripted number in front of each footnote and separate the numeral from the following text with a single space. To provide credit for images, tables, or figures pulled from an outside source, include the accreditation statement at the end of the note for the visual.

Copyright acknowledgements for long quotations or questionnaires should simply be placed in a footnote at the bottom of the page. When formatting a copyright accreditation, utilize the following format:. When introducing supplementary content that may not fit within the body of a paper, an appendix can be included to help readers better understand the material without distracting from the text itself.

Primarily used to introduce research materials, specific details of a study, or participant demographics, appendices are generally concise and only incorporate relevant content.

Much like with footnotes, appendices may require an acknowledgement of copyright and, if data is cited, an adherence to the privacy policies that protect participant identities. These headings should be centered and bolded at the top of the page and written in title case. Search Search For.

Intro Help Site map. References These appear before the Appendix and should contain an alphabetical list of all the references used, including websites.